Egypt

This three-tiered mortuary temple is dedicated to Hatshepsut, a female pharaoh who reigned 1503-1482 BC. Built against a cliff face, the great complex contains ancient statues and carvings.

Completed in 1848, the Ottoman-style Muhammad Ali Mosque or "Alabaster Mosque" is the most prominent in Cairo, dominating the skyline from its lofty location on the Citadel.

Built between 1356 and 1363 by the Mamluk ruler Sultan Hassan, this is among the largest and most impressive Islamic buildings in the world. It may incorporate stone from the Pyramids of Giza.

The Step Pyramid at Djoser is the oldest stone pyramid in Egypt and an important development in Ancient Egyptian architecture. Its architect, Imhotep, was later deified.